![]() BMP4 can induce pathological cardiac hypertrophy.īMP4 plays an important role in cardiac hypertrophy. BMP4 is closely related to the growth, differentiation and apoptosis of the body. BMP4 plays an important role in the induction of tooth development, limb formation and fracture repair. According to the homology of the functional domain, BMP family belongs to transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily except BMP-1. BMP family members are divided into four BMP superfamily such as BMP-2/4, BMP-5/6/7/8a/8b, BMP-9/10 and BMP-12/13/14. BMP can act as either a homodimer of two identical chains or a heterodimer of two different chains. Proteolytic enzymes cut down the carboxyl terminus of the protein and form a dimer. BMP is synthesized in the form of a large precursor protein, including the signal peptide, the front domain and the carboxyl terminal region. The molecular weight of BMP is very low about 30,000 Da. It is possible to explore new ideas for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy by studying the cause of cardiac hypertrophy and its molecular mechanisms.īone morphogenetic protein (BMP) is a typical acidic glycoprotein, which is closely related to the formation of bone, cartilage, tendon and tooth. Different stimuli induce cardiac hypertrophy through different signaling pathways. Stimulating factors of cardiac hypertrophy include: mechanical stretch stimulation, various neurohumoral factors such as angiotensin II (Ang II), catecholamine (CA), endothelin (ET), interleukin-1 (IL-1). Therefore, if persistent cardiac hypertrophy is not promptly intervened, it will eventually lead to myocardial decompensated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and even sudden death. Although early cardiac hypertrophy plays a compensatory role, it is conducive to maintaining normal heart function, but cardiac hypertrophy itself will increase myocardial oxygen consumption and reduce myocardial compliance. Many cardiovascular diseases cause cardiac hypertrophy such as clinical common primary/secondary hypertension, myocardial infarction, congenital heart disease and valvular disease. Its feature includes increased myocardial cell surface area, protein synthesis and expression of cardiac hypertrophy marker atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), BNP and β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC). These results suggest that BMP4 induces cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through the activation of ERK1/2 cell signaling pathway.īMP4 myocardial hypertrophy ERK1/2 signaling pathwayĬardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive response of the heart to all kinds of mechanical stress and physiological and pathological stimulation. PD98059 treatment decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 that was increased by BMP4. In addition, BMP4 treatment increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in a time- and dose-dependent manner. While PD98059 inhibited these effects of BMP4. The results exhibited that cell surface area, protein synthesis and BNP protein expression were increased with BMP4 treatment. Western blot was used to examine hypertrophic marker brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) protein expression and phosphorylation of ERK1/2. H9c2 cells were used to measure cell surface area and protein synthesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism that BMP4-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Wenzhou Medical University, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Wenling, Zhejiang 317500, China īone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP4) is a member of the bone morphogenetic protein family which plays an important role in bone formation, inflammation and cardiac hypertrophy. Wenzhou Medical University, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Wenling, Zhejiang 317500, China Bin Lin Shanxi Medical University, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, and Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital (Institute), Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China Qunhui Ye Xinxiang Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang, Department of Cardiology, Xinxiang, Henan 453100, China Yongzhi Deng Wenzhou Medical University, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Wenling, Zhejiang 317500, China Xinxiang Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang, Department of Cardiology, Xinxiang, Henan 453100, China Yezheng Tao
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